Business
A
computer has high speed of calculation, diligence, accuracy, reliability, or
versatility which has made it an integrated part in all business organizations.
Computer
is used in business organizations for –
• Payroll calculations
• Budgeting
• Sales analysis
• Financial forecasting
• Managing employee database
• Maintenance of stocks, etc.
Banking
Today,
banking is almost totally dependent on computers.
Banks
provide the following facilities –
• Online accounting facility, which includes checking
current balance, making deposits and overdrafts, checking interest charges,
shares, and trustee records.
• ATM machines which are completely automated are making it
even easier for customers to deal with banks.
Insurance
Insurance
companies are keeping all records up-to-date with the help of computers.
Insurance companies, finance houses, and stock broking firms are widely using
computers for their concerns.
Insurance
companies are maintaining a database of all clients with information showing –
• Procedure to continue with policies
• Starting date of the policies
• Next due installment of a policy
• Maturity date
• Interests due
• Survival benefits
• Bonus
Education
The
computer helps in providing a lot of facilities in the education system.
·
The computer provides a tool in the
education system known as CBE (Computer Based Education).
·
CBE involves control, delivery, and evaluation
of learning.
·
Computer education is rapidly
increasing the graph of number of computer students.
·
There are a number of methods in
which educational institutions can use a computer to educate the students.
·
It is used to prepare a database
about performance of a student and analysis is carried out on this basis.
Marketing
In
marketing, uses of the computer are following −
·
Advertising − With computers,
advertising professionals create art and graphics, write and revise copy, and
print and disseminate ads with the goal of selling more products.
·
Home Shopping − Home shopping has
been made possible through the use of computerized catalogues that provide
access to product information and permit direct entry of orders to be filled by
the customers.
Healthcare
Computers
have become an important part in hospitals, labs, and dispensaries. They are
being used in hospitals to keep the record of patients and medicines. It is
also used in scanning and diagnosing different diseases. ECG, EEG, ultrasounds
and CT scans, etc. are also done by computerized machines.
Following are some major fields of
health care in which computers are used.
·
Diagnostic System − Computers are
used to collect data and identify the cause of illness.
·
Lab-diagnostic System − All tests
can be done and the reports are prepared by computer.
·
Patient Monitoring System − These
are used to check the patient's signs for abnormality such as in Cardiac
Arrest, ECG, etc.
·
Pharma Information System − Computer
is used to check drug labels, expiry dates, harmful side effects, etc.
·
Surgery − Nowadays, computers are
also used in performing surgery.
Engineering Design
Computers
are widely used for Engineering purpose.One of the major areas is CAD (Computer
Aided Design) that provides creation and modification of images. Some of the
fields are −
·
Structural Engineering − Requires
stress and strain analysis for design of ships, buildings, budgets, airplanes,
etc.
·
Industrial Engineering − Computers
deal with design, implementation, and improvement of integrated systems of
people, materials, and equipment.
·
Architectural Engineering −
Computers help in planning towns, designing buildings, determining a range of
buildings on a site using both 2D and 3D drawings.
Military
Computers
are largely used in defence. Modern tanks, missiles, weapons, etc. Military
also employs computerized control systems. Some military areas where a computer
has been used are –
• Missile Control
• Military Communication
• Military Operation and Planning
• Smart Weapons
Communication
Communication
is a way to convey a message, an idea, a picture, or speech that is received
and understood clearly and correctly by the person for whom it is meant. Some
main areas in this category are −
• E-mail
• Chatting
• Usenet
• FTP
• Telnet
• Video-conferencing
Government
Computers play an important role in
government services. Some major fields in this category are −
• Budgets
• Sales tax department
• Income tax department
• Computation of male/female ratio
• Computerization of voters lists
• Computerization of PAN card
• Weather forecasting